This review of the influence of oral piercings on the periodontal health status in adult patients included 8 small observational studies. In line with other reviews the findings indicate adverse effects on periodontal health from oral piercings. However the quality of the evidence is low.
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This review examining the association between oral manifestations and the use of oral piercings included 54 studies. Damage to periodontal health and tooth structure were the most commonly reported complications however the quality of the evidence is of very low certainty.
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This overview of the associations and risk factors for the occurrence of traumatic dental injury included 19 stustamatic reviews. The reviews considered 22 differing risk factors but only 4 of the reviews were assessed to be of moderate quality the remainder being considered to be of low (11) or critically low (4)quality.
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Twelve observational studies were included in this review which suggested that lip and tongue piercings increased the risk of gum and tooth damage . The relative risk for tooth damage with lip piercings was 1.33 (95%CI; 0.74 to 2.41) and 2.44 (95%CI;1.35 to 4.41) for tongue piercings.
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