This review of powered toothbrushes for periodontal health in orthodontic patients included 9 small RCTs. A small statistically significant benefit was noted in short term use.
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This review of tooth whitening included 13 randomised studies and suggests that tray-delivered carbamide peroxide gel provided better whitening efficacy than HP-based products. However the available evidence is very heterogeneous and short term.
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Twelve observational studies were included in this review which suggested that lip and tongue piercings increased the risk of gum and tooth damage . The relative risk for tooth damage with lip piercings was 1.33 (95%CI; 0.74 to 2.41) and 2.44 (95%CI;1.35 to 4.41) for tongue piercings.
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