This review the prevalence of malocclusions and different orthodontic features in children and adolescents included 123 studies. However the broad range of approaches used in the studies to determine malocclusion and orthodontic features means that the findings need to be interpreted cautiously.
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This review of the occurence of maloclusion in children/adolescents with Down syndrome included 11 studies and suggests a higher prevalence of malocclusion.
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27 RCTs were identified for this Cochrane review update early v late orthodontic treatment for class II div 1 malocclusion. The main advantage of early treatment was a reduction of incisal trauma.
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This Cochrane review of orthodontic treatment for class II div 2 malocclusion updates the previous 2006 version. No RCTs or CCTs were identified so It is not possible to provide any evidence-based guidance to recommend or discourage any type of orthodontic treatment to correct Class II division 2 malocclusion in children.
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This well conducted and reported trial compared customised orthodontic system against traditional methods. The customised system was not associated with any significant reduction in treatment duration, and the treatment outcomes were comparable with both systems.
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Only 5 of the 18 trials included in this review of headgear for the treatment of class II malocclusions were randomised while a short-term reduction of the SNA angle was noted the quality of the studies was high.
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This review looked at the impact of premolar extraction on soft tissue profile in class II division 1 malocclusions. 13 studies were included the majority being retrospective. There is some evidence to suggest an increase in the nasolabial angle but the quality is limited.
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Factors affecting relapse after treatment of class II malocclusion was investigated in this review. Only 17 retrospected studies met the review criteria providing limited evidence to support the influence of factors predictive of sagittal stability following orthodontic treatment.
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This review of fixed functional appliances for treatment of class II malocclusion included 9 studies, only one of which was a RCT. The findings suggest that fixed functional appliances are effective at producing short term improvements in class II malocclusions but should be interpreted with caution because of the quality of the available evidence.
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This review of functional orthodontic appliances included 10 CCTs and 7 RCTs and found they produced short-term improvements in class II malocclusion. This needs to be considered with a recent Cochrane review of early treatment for children with class II malocclusion that found that it was more effective in reducing the incidence of incisal trauma than providing one course of orthodontic treatment in early adolescence.
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