Toombak: A risk factor for oral leukoplakia and cancer

29 September 2013. El Fasher: A trader shows a tray with tombac (chewing tobacco) at the market in El Fasher, North Darfur. Tombac is one of North Darfur’s major cash crops. The traditional markets for tombac include South Sudan, Blue Nile and South Kordofan states. Farmers assure four million people in Darfur are dependent on the cultivation and sale of tobacco. They claim that tobacco had been produced in the region since 1850.  Originally, the production of tombac started in Tombouctou (Mali) and later it was imported to Egypt and Darfur.  Photo by Albert González Farran, UNAMID

This review of the association between toombak use and oral leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma included 8 observational studies suggesting a strong association.

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Malocclusion in Down syndrome children and adolescents

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This review of the occurence of maloclusion in children/adolescents with Down syndrome included 11 studies and suggests a higher prevalence of malocclusion.

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Transdiagnostic approaches to mental health: Keeping the baby and throwing out the bathwater

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Melissa Black and Tim Dalgleish summarise and critique a recent review on transdiagnostic psychiatry, which they feel presents an overly negative view of transdiagnostic approaches in mental health.

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Vegetarian diet and oral health

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This review of the association between a vegetarian diet and (a) non-carious/cervical lesions (NCCL), (b) dental caries and (c) number of natural teeth included 18 mainly cross-sectional studies suggesting a possible link with a higher prevalence of dental erosion.

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Tooth-implant supported fixed dental prostheses survival rates

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This review of the survival and complication rates of tooth-implant supported fixed dental prostheses (T-I FDPs) includes 8 prospective cohort studies and 185 T-I FDPs suggesting acceptable 5 and 10 year survival rates.

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Are antidepressants safe? A new umbrella review of observational studies suggests they are, but we need more accurate data

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Andrea Cipriani and Anneka Tomlinson scrutinise a brand new umbrella review of the associations between antidepressants and adverse health outcomes, which suggests that antidepressants are safe for most people who experience mental health difficulties.

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Gingival recession: Stability of root coverage procedures for single gingival recessions

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This review evaluating the long-term (≥2 years) stability of root coverage procedures for single gingival recessions included 15 RCTs. the findings suggest that coronally advanced flap (CAF) may lose stability with time while CAF + connective tissue graft may produce a more stable result. However, the quality of the evidence is low.

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New mothers and intimate partner violence: how can nurses help?

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Vishal Bhavsar reports on a new RCT which looks at adding an Intimate Partner Violence intervention to a nurse home visitation programme, and the impact it can have on maternal quality of life.

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Internalising problems in children and adolescents: little evidence for distinct disorders

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Katie Finning explores a recent network analysis of internalising disorders (e.g. depression, anxiety, phobias) in children and adolescents, which demonstrates the interconnected nature of internalising symptoms, and challenges the view that such pathology takes the form of distinct disorders.

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