10 studies of limited quality were included in this review and they suggest that there is no difference in complete caries removal with chemo-mechanical systems and rotary instruments. While chemo-mechanical removal was less painful, it took longer to carry out.
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This review includes 7 cross-sectional studies and suggests that those with developmental enamel defects have more dental caries with a pooled odds ratio OR = 2.21 (95% CI; 1.3 – 3.54).
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This review of 10 in-vitro studies suggests that bond strength is improved by the use of multi-mode adhesives with prior acid etching only for enamel. This improvement was not seen with mild universal adhesives in dentine.
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This new Cochrane review included 8 trials, involving a total of 2,876 children finding little evidence to support or refute the use of chlorhexidine varnish or gel in reducing caries or mutans streptoccoci levels.
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This review included 5 case-controlled studies only 2 of which were at low risk of bias and suggested that HIV-infected children have a higher risk of cavitated caries in their primary teeth, OR = 2.98, 95% CI; 1.59-5.59.
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This Cochrane review included 10 studies and found low quality evidence that fluoride toothpaste containing xylitol may be more effective than fluoride-only toothpaste for preventing caries in the permanent teeth. The evidence for other xylitol products is insufficient to assess effectiveness.
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This randomised controlled trial compares atraumatic restorative treatment in older patients to conventional care finding no statistically significant difference at 2 years.
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This review of direct anterior restorative materials included 21 studies and covered a wide range of materials and adhesive systems. Overall the failure rates were low for both class III and class IV restorations.
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This cluster randomised controlled trial looked at changes in knowledge and attitudes in care homes following the introduction of an oral health care protocol. Significant improvements in knowledge were seen but no changes in attitudes.
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This network meta-analysis included 14 studies (10 RCTs) and suggests that minimally invasive strategies would rank first followed by micro invasive approaches to pit and fissure caries. However, for some comparisons only a few studies are available and then are generally small and with short follow up periods.
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